He taputapu hauora nui te kanokarapa e whakamahia ana hei aromatawai i te hauora o te manawa. Ka ine i te kukū o te CO₂ i roto i te manawa e tukuna ana, ā, e kiia ana hete aroturuki CO₂ (EtCO2) i te mutunga o te tai.Ka whakaratohia e tēnei taputapu ngā inenga wā-tūturu me ngā whakaaturanga ngaru whakairoiro (capnograms), e tuku ana i ngā māramatanga whai hua mō te āhua o te manawa o te tūroro.

He pēhea te mahi a te Capnography?

Anei te āhua o tana mahi i roto i te tinana: ka uru te hāora ki roto i te toto mā roto i ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka tautoko i ngā tukanga pākia o te tinana. Hei hua o te pākia, ka puta te hauhā waro, ka haria anō ki ngā pukahukahu, kātahi ka tukuna ki waho. Mā te ine i te nui o te CO₂ i roto i te hau e tukuna ana ka homai he kōrero nui mō te mahi manawa me te pākia o te tinana o te tūroro.

Te Ine a te Capnograph i te CO2?

Ka inehia e te mata tirotiro capnograph te manawa e tukuna ana mā te whakaatu i te pēhanga wāhanga o te CO₂ i roto i te whakatakotoranga ngaru i runga i te whatunga tuaka-x me te tuaka-y. Ka whakaatuhia e ia ngā āhua ngaru me ngā inenga tau. Ko te pānui CO₂ mutunga-taima (EtCO₂) noa kei waenga i te 35 ki te 45mmHg. Mena ko te EtCO o te tūroro2KI TE HURI IHO TE TINO PAI I RARO I TE 30 mmHg, TĒRĀ HE TŪPATO HEI TŪPATO HEI TŪPATO KI TE HURI I RARO I TE TAURANGA O TE HĀORA.

Ngā Tikanga Matua e Rua mō te Ine i te Hau Pupuhi

Te Aroturukitanga EtCO2 Matua

I tēnei tikanga, ka whakanohoia he urutau ara manawa me tētahi rūma tauira whakauru ki roto i te ara manawa i waenganui i te ara iahiko manawa me te ngongo endotracheal.

Te Aroturukitanga Sidestream EtCO2

Kei roto i te wae matua te pūoko, tawhiti atu i te ara manawa. Ka mimiti tonu te papu iti i ngā tauira hau kua whakapūha mai i te tūroro mā te aho tauira ki te wae matua. Ka taea te hono i te aho tauira ki te T-piece i te ngongo endotracheal, ki te urutau kopare whakamoe, ki te poka ihu rānei mā te cannula ihu tauira me ngā urutau ihu.

E rua anō ngā momo matua o ngā aroturuki.

Ko tētahi he kanokarapu EtCO₂ kawe motuhake, e arotahi ana ki tēnei inenga anake.

Ko tētahi atu he waeine EtCO₂ kua whakauruhia ki roto i tētahi aroturuki maha-tawhā, ka taea te ine i ngā tawhā maha o ngā tūroro i te wā kotahi. He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia ngā āheinga ine EtCO₂ ki ngā aroturuki taha moenga, ngā taputapu rūma pokanga, me ngā taputapu whakamātao ira EMS.

He ahakei Ngā Whakamahinga Hauora o te Capnograph?

• Te Urupare ĀwhatiIna pāngia te tūroro e te hopukanga manawa, te hopukanga ngakau rānei, ka āwhina te aroturukitanga EtCO2 i ngā kaimahi hauora ki te aromatawai tere i te āhua o te manawa o te tūroro.
• Aroturuki TonuMō ngā tūroro tino mate e mōrearea ana ki te ngoikore ohorere o te manawa, mā te aroturuki tonu i te CO₂ i te mutunga o te tai ka whakaratohia he raraunga wā-tūturu hei kite me te urupare wawe ki ngā huringa.
• Te Tukanga WhakamarieAhakoa he pokanga iti, he pokanga nui rānei, ina whakamoea te tūroro, mā te aroturukitanga EtCO2 ka mau tonu te hauhautanga o te tūroro puta noa i te tikanga.
• Aromatawai Mahi PūkahukahuMō ngā tūroro e pāngia ana e ngā mate pūmau pēnei i te mate moe pōrearea me te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu (COPD), ka āwhina ngā capnograph ki te aromatawai i te mahi a ō rātou pūkahukahu.

He aha te Aroturukitanga o EtCO₂ e kiia ai he Paerewa Tiaki?

Kua whānuitia te mōhiotia whānuitia o te capnography hei paerewa tiaki pai rawa atu i roto i ngā wāhi haumanu maha. Kua whakauruhia e ngā whakahaere hauora matua me ngā rōpū whakahaere—pērā i te American Heart Association (AHA) me te American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)—te capnography ki roto i ā rātou aratohu haumanu me ngā taunakitanga. I te nuinga o te wā, e kiia ana he wāhanga nui o te aroturukitanga tūroro me te tiaki manawa.

Te Aroturukitanga EtCO2 me te SpO2Aroturuki

Ki te whakataurite ki te ine ine pūoro (SpO₂),EtCO2He nui ake ngā painga motuhake o te aroturukitanga. Nā te mea ka whakaratohia e te EtCO₂ he tirohanga wā-tūturu ki te whakapūngao manawa o te alveolar, ka tere ake te urupare ki ngā huringa o te āhua o te manawa. Mēnā ka ngoikore te manawa, ka huri tonu ngā taumata EtCO₂, engari ka roa pea te hekenga o te SpO₂ mō ētahi hēkona ki ētahi meneti. Mā te aroturukitanga tonu o te EtCO2 ka taea e ngā tākuta te kite wawe i te ngoikore o te manawa, ka tukuna he wā nui mō te wawaotanga wā tika i mua i te hekenga o te mākū o te hāora.

Aroturukitanga EtCO2

Mā te aroturukitanga EtCO2 ka taea te aromatawai i te whakawhiti hau manawa me te whakapūngao manawa i roto i te manawa i te wā tūturu. Ka tere te urupare a ngā taumata EtCO2 ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te manawa, ā, kāore e tino pāngia e te hāora tāpiri. Hei tikanga aroturuki kore-whakaeke, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te EtCO2 i roto i ngā taiao haumanu maha.

Te Aroturuki i te Pūwero o te Oximetry

Te aroturuki i te oximetry pulse (SpO₂)Ka whakamahia he pūoko maihao kore-whakaeke hei ine i ngā taumata o te hāora i roto i te toto, kia taea ai te kite i te hypoxemia. He ngāwari ki te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga, ā, he pai hoki mō te aroturuki tonu i te taha o te moenga o ngā tūroro kāore i te tino mate.

Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu me ngā taonga pau CO₂?

Ko Amerika Te Raki te rangatira o te mākete i tēnei wā, e 40% o ngā moni whiwhi o te ao, ko te rohe o Āhia-Moana-nui-a-Kiwa te rohe e matapaetia ana ko te tere o te tipu, me te CAGR e matapaetia ana he 8.3% i taua wā anō. Ko te whenua ārahi o te aoaroturuki tūrorongā kaihanga—pērā iPhilips (Respironics), Medtronic (Oridion), Masimo, me Mindray—kei te mahi auaha tonu i roto i te hangarau EtCO2 hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia e whanake haere ana mō te rongoā whakamoe, te tiaki nui, me te rongoā ohorere.

Hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumanu me te whakapai ake i te pai o te rere o ngā mahi mō ngā kaimahi hauora, ka arotahi a MedLinket ki te whakawhanake me te whakaputa i ngā taputapu whakapau kounga teitei, pērā i ngā raina tauira, ngā urutau ara manawa, me ngā mahanga wai. E whakapau kaha ana te kamupene ki te whakarato i ngā otinga whakapau pono mō ngā whare hauora mō te aroturukitanga whānui me te taha taha, e hototahi ana ki ngā waitohu aroturuki tūroro matua, e whai wāhi ana ki te whanaketanga o te mara aroturuki manawa.

Ngā pūoko etco2 matuamengā taputapu ara manawako ngā taputapu me ngā taonga pau e tino kitea ana mō te aroturukitanga matua.

Mō te aroturuki taha-taha,hei whakaaro māu, tae atu ki ngā pūoko taha-awa, mengā mahanga wai，Raina tauira CO2, kei runga i ō hiahia tatūnga me te tiaki.

Raupapa Mahanga Wai
Kaihanga me ngā Tauira OEM		Pikitia Tohutoro		Tauira OEM #		Waehere Tono		Ngā Whakaahuatanga
Mindray Hototahi (Haina)
Mō ngā mata tirotiro BeneView, iPM, iMEC, PM, MEC-2000 raupapa, PM-9000/7000/6000 raupapa, BeneHeart defibrillator				115-043022-00 (9200-10-10530)		RE-WT001A		Mahanga wai maroke, Pakeke/Tamariki mō te kōwae rua-mokamoka, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka
				115-043023-00 (9200-10-10574)		RE-WT001N		Mahanga wai maroke, Pēpi hou mō te kōwae rua-mokamoka, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka
Mo BeneVision, BeneView nga aroturuki raupapa				115-043024-00 (100-000080-00)		RE-WT002A		Mahanga wai Dryline II, Pakeke/Tamariki mō te kōwae mokowā kotahi, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka
				115-043025-00 (100-000081-00)		RE-WT002N		Mahanga wai Dryline II, Neonatal mō te kōwae kotahi-mokamoka, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka
Hototahi GE
Pūrere GE Solar Sidestream EtCO₂, GE MGA-1100 Pūnaha Ine Taumaha GE Advantage, Ngā Pūnaha Tauira EtCO₂				402668-008		CA20-013		Kaiwhakatikatika 0.8 micron mō te whakamahinga takitahi a te tūroro, Luer Lock paerewa, 20pcs/pouaka
Mīhini whakapūngao manawa, aroturuki, mīhini whakamoenga GE Healthcare me te kōwae hau E-miniC				8002174		CA20-053		Ko te rōrahi o roto o te ipu he > 5.5mL, 25 ngā wahi/pouaka
Tōia Hototahi
Hototahi Drager Babytherm 8004/8010 Babylog VN500 ventilator				6872130		WL-01		Waterlock mō te whakamahinga takitahi, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka
Philips Hototahi
Kōwae Hototahi：Philips – IntelliVue G5				M1657B / 989803110871		CA20-008		Mahanga wai Philips, 15 ngā wahi/pouaka
Philips Hototahi						CA20-009		Whatanga mahanga wai Philips
Kōwae Hototahi：Philips – IntelliVue G7ᵐ				989803191081		WL-01		Waterlock mō te whakamahinga takitahi, 10 ngā wahi/pouaka

Raina tauira CO2
Hononga tūroro	Pikitia hononga tūroro	Atanga taputapu	Pikitia atanga taputapu
Mono Luer		Mono Luer
Raina tauira momo-T		Mono Philips（Respironics)
Raina tauira momo-L		Mono Medtronic（Oridion）
Raina tauira ihu		Mono Masimo
Raina tauira ihu/waha		/	/